In India, Engineering has been the most popular career option for both students and parents alike. What makes this field popular is the fact that there is no dearth of employment opportunities for engineers in our country. Whether the economy is booming or suffering recession, engineers have, and will always remain in demand. Moreover, engineering is considered a lucrative career choice that guarantees financial stability.

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According to a UK think tank, Centre for Economics Business and Research (CEBR), India is on the verge of becoming the third largest economy of the world by 2030, and we have an ever-growing technologically literate, skilled and intelligent manpower. India is looking at digitization, infrastructure development, IT development etc., and all these sectors will require skilled engineers. 

Engineering is a broad term that encompasses a range of more specialized sub disciplines. While there are dozens of specializations available for students, some streams of engineering remain evergreen because they have a promising future in the job market.

Those who wish to make a career in this field can choose a stream that lies close to their passions, so they can fuse their career path and interests, with a profession that will always remain at the top of the bell curve.

We’ve listed some of the popular engineering streams that continue to be the top choices among students.

1. Mechanical Engineering

Mechanical engineering deals with the designing, production and operation of machinery. In an interview to The Hindu in 2012, T. Subrahmanyam, former mechanical engineering head at Andhra University College of Engineering, said that mechanical engineering has subjects like thermal engineering, industrial engineering, machine design etc. Therefore, students looking at pursuing mechanical engineering should have a keen interest in these subjects.

Recruitment: India is moving forward in its manufacturing efforts and this is where the majority of mechanical engineering graduates can secure employment. Some of the top recruiters of mechanical engineers are railways, metro rail corporation, defence forces, automobile, mining, etc. Professor Subrahmanyam also said in his interview that mechanical engineering graduates are able to find placements in IT sector as well, due to their strong understanding of Maths and Physics.

2. Civil Engineering

This stream is about building roads, constructing structures, bridges, dams, etc. A student pursuing this stream of engineering should have a keen interest in areas like fluid dynamics, water resource engineering, structural design, structure mechanics, etc.

Recruitment: The recruitment of civil engineers is expected to rise due to the recent developments and investments in infrastructure in the country. Civil engineers can expect recruitment from public sector companies and PSUs in the sectors of irrigation, road building, etc. Some companies that a civil engineer can consider for employment are L&T, Reliance Industries, ONGC, TATA Realty and infrastructure.

3. Electrical Engineering

If you’ve opened the nuts and screws of refrigerators, and tried to figure out how a bulb works, then this is the stream for you. Electrical engineering is all about power systems, control theory, power electronics, safety management, power utilization, electric circuit design, etc.

Recruitment: Electrical engineers can find employment within and outside the stream of electrical engineering. Almost everything works on electricity; hence, electrical engineers are always in demand at power grids, PSUs like BHEL and private sector companies like Siemens Ltd., Reliance Power, etc.

4. Computer Science Engineering

Computer science engineering is all about information computation, computers, working and coding of computers. If a student has a keen interest in the functioning and development of applications, computer systems, database management with strong mathematical skills, then this is the right choice for him/her. This stream has the highest demand and employability.

Recruitment: Computer science engineers are always in demand. An IT expert is needed everywhere, be it any sector of industry, whether banking, railways, hospitals, etc. With the widespread digitization in the country, the development and launch of computer applications every other day, computer engineers will be in great demand. IT experts can find employment in companies like TCS, Amazon, Facebook, Wipro, Microsoft, etc.

5. Electronics Engineering

Students who are intrigued and fascinated by the working of gadgets like televisions, phones, tablets, etc. will find this stream of engineering a perfect blend of work and play. Here, students can expect to learn all about digital electronics, electronic circuits, signals, applied electromagnetic theory, logic design, etc.

Recruitment: Electronic or communication engineers are in high demand in the telecommunications and mobile development industry. They can expect employment in companies like BEL, Electronics Corporation of India Limited, Intel, Samsung, Nokia etc.

6. Chemical engineering

Chemical engineering is all about chemistry (organic and inorganic), fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, petrochemicals, fertilizers, etc. If students have interest in chemicals, reactions, chemical processes, then this is the field for them.

Recruitment: Due to the increase in environmental issues, chemical engineering is a hot field right now. Chemical engineers can secure employment in NGOs, FMCG companies, pharmaceuticals, etc. Chemical engineers are hired by companies like KBR, Shell, ONGC, Cairn, HUL, Proctor and Gamble, etc.

7. Aeronautical engineering

This is the stream that makes humans fly. This exciting and fascinating field deals with the design, research, development, construction, testing, functioning, and all that goes into the technology and functioning of an aircraft. Students can also pursue some of the sub branches available in aeronautical engineering like robotics, navigation, fluid dynamics, aerodynamics and many more.

Recruitment: Demand for aeronautical engineers will be on the rise since India is on the verge of expanding its abilities and technologies in all sectors. Areas and companies like air force, private and public airlines, NASA, ISRO, L&T, Mahindra, TATA, etc. recruit aeronautical engineers.

8. Biotechnology Engineering

According to an article in The Hindu, biotechnology is one of top sectors, which is growing at a fast pace and has immense scope for employment.

Biotechnology is a blend of biology and technology, meant for research and development. Biotechnology is a mix of engineering, chemistry, genetics, bio-chemistry and microbiology.

Recruitment: Biotechnology has huge scope in the next 5-10 years. Biotechnology engineers can find employment in fields such as medical, healthcare, agriculture, bio-processing, drug testing, animal husbandry, etc. Some of the companies that recruit biotechnology engineers are Hindustan Antibiotics, Thapar Group, Indo American Hybrid Seeds, Sun Pharma, etc.

While these are just some of the popular streams, there are many specialisations that engineering has under its umbrella. Students must do their own research and pick an option that would serve their long-term goals.

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